1.	AIR MASK FAMILIARIZATION
A.	MSA Belt Mounted Regulator
B.	Mask mounted Regulator

2.	BOTTLE SWITCH OVER
A.  QUICK FILL
B.   LOW PRESSURE HOSE
C.   MMR 
D.   ENTIRE FACE PIECE

3.	FF ENTAGLEMENT

4.   WALL BREACH
A.  DRYWALL
B.	LATHE/PLASTER

5.	EXTERIOR WINDOW ENLARGMENT
   
6.   FF DRAGS
A.   FLAT SURFACE
B.   UP STAIRS
C.   DOWN STAIRS

7.   LADDER REMOVAL  
A.	PUSH-UP METHOD
B.	TWO FF SQUATTING NEXT TO WINDOW
C.   RAMPING DENVER DRILL
D.   ROPE HOIST METHOD
E.	FF REMOVAL FROM ROOF

8.   SELF-ESCAPE/ROPE 

9.	HEAD FIRST LADDER BAIL

10.	FF REMOVAL THROUGH FLOOR
A.   HOSE
B.	ROPE HOIST

11.	CEILING COLLAPSE DRILL

12.	FALL THROUGH THE FLOOR DRILL

13.	DISORIENTED FIREFIGHTER

AIR MASK FAMILIRIZATION
MSA Belt Mounted Regulator

OBJECTIVE: To become one with the air mask.  To know every knob, button, and strap of the air mask.

1.	FFs need full turnout gear, gloves are to be worn, and SCBA blacked out.

2.	Remember and practice breathing techniques. Skip breathing can be done during this exercise. Ship breathing is:
A.	Inhale-short breath
B.	Inhale-short breath
C.	Exhale-long and steady
D.	Should take about 5 seconds per breath

3.	Familiarization of rack and face piece
A.	Go clockwise around the rack
B.	Left shoulder-sentinel
C.	Right shoulder-disconnect quick disconnect with gloves on
D.	Right waist/regulator cup holder and RIT connection	
E.	Left Waist / Buddy breathing connection
F.	Mask to regulator disconnect.

4.	While FF is standing breathing off SCBA
A.	Raise hand on the side of the body the regulator is on
B.	Open bypass valve-close mainline valve
C.	Open mainline-close bypass valve
D.	Shut off bottle-run out of air-open bottle (once out of air)
E.	Disconnect low pressure line form regulator
F.	Put low pressure hose into removed glove (filtered breathing)
G.	Pinch the glove closed and tuck it into your turnout coat.
H.	Reconnect low pressure line
I.	Remove the pack
1.	Loosen right shoulder strap (enough to get back on)
2.	Remove chest strap
3.	Remove waist strap (loosen enough to get back on)
4.	Slide the rack off the right shoulder-keeping left arm in left harness and left hand protecting the regulator
5.	Tuck bottle under the arm (you just decreased your profile about 8-10 inches)
6.	Put air pack back on

5.	While FF is lying down (breathing off SCBA)- remember to stay low to the ground- no sitting
A.	 Raise hand on the side of the body the regulator is on
B.	Open bypass valve-close mainline valve
C.	Open mainline-close bypass valve
D.	Shut off bottle-run out of air-open bottle (once out of air)
E.	Disconnect low pressure line form regulator
F.	Put low pressure hose into removed glove (filtered breathing)
G.	Pinch the glove closed and tuck it into your turnout coat.
H.	Reconnect low pressure line
I.	Remove the pack
1.	 Loosen right shoulder strap (enough to get back on)
2.	 Remove chest strap
3.	Remove waist strap (loosen enough to get back on)
4.	Slide the rack off the right shoulder-keeping left arm in left harness and left hand protecting the regulator
5.	Lay the air pack out in front of your head.
6.	Put air pack back on

AIR MASK FAMILIRIZATION
Mask Mounted Regulator

OBJECTIVE: To become one with the air mask.  To know every knob, button, and strap of the air mask.

1.	FFs need full turnout gear, gloves are to be worn, and SCBA blacked out.

2.	Remember and practice breathing techniques. Skip breathing can be done during this exercise. Ship breathing is:
A.	Inhale-short breath
B.	Inhale-short breath
C.	Exhale-long and steady
D.	Should take about 5 seconds per breath

3.  Familiarization of rack and face piece
A.	Go clockwise around the rack
B.	Left shoulder-sentinel
C.	Right shoulder-disconnect quick disconnect with gloves on
D.	Right waist/regulator cup holder and RIT connection	
E.	Left Waist / Buddy breathing connection
F.	Mask to regulator disconnect.

3.	Air rack Familiarization
A.	Kneel on the ground.
B.	Air rack in front of you, bottle up, valve toward you.
C.	Adjust all the straps all the way out. 
D.	Remove the bottle from the rack.
E.	Install the bottle on the rack.
F.	Turn the bottle on. (Make sure the regulator is not free flowing.)
G.	Check the sentinel for the air quantity.
H.	Turn the pass device on.
I.	Turn the pass device off.
J.	Turn the bottle off.
K.	Bleed the air from the regulator.
L.	Turn the Sentinel off.
M.	Stand and don full protective gear. Face piece blacked out.
N.	Don the air mask and beginning breathing air from the rack.

4.	While FF is standing breathing off SCBA
A.	Go through the air rack and face piece familiarization
B.	Push in the bypass
C.	Open bypass valve
D.	Close bypass valve
E.	Inspect the air quantity shown on the sentinel. (Simulate)
F.	Turn on the pass device.
G.	Turn off the pass device.
H.	Shut off bottle-run out of air-open bottle (once out of air)
I.	Disconnect Regulator from the face piece.
J.	Put a removed glove over the face piece opening (filtered breathing)
K.	Disconnect your regulator from your pressure hose.
L.	Connect the regulator to a partner’s buddy breathing hose.
M.	Connect regulator to your face piece.
N.	Disconnect your regulator from your face piece.
O.	Disconnect your regulator from your partner’s buddy breathing hose.
P.	Reconnect your regulator to your pressure hose
Q.	Connect your regulator to your face piece.

5.	Remove the pack while standing.
A.	Loosen left shoulder strap (enough to get back on)
B.	Remove waist strap (loosen enough to get back on)
C.	Slide the rack off the left shoulder-keeping right arm in right harness and right hand protecting the pressure hose
D.	Tuck bottle under the arm (you just decreased your profile about 8-10 inches)
E.	Put air rack back on

6.	While FF is lying down (breathing off SCBA)- remember to stay low to the ground- no sitting
A.	Go through the air rack and face piece familiarization
B.	Push in the bypass
C.	Open bypass valve
D.	Close bypass valve
E.	Inspect the air quantity shown on the sentinel. (Simulate)
F.	Turn on the pass device.
G.	Turn off the pass device.
H.	Shut off bottle-run out of air-open bottle (once out of air)
I.	Disconnect Regulator from the face piece.
J.	Put a removed glove over the face piece opening (filtered breathing)
K.	Disconnect your regulator from your pressure hose.
L.	Connect the regulator to a partner’s buddy breathing hose.
M.	Connect regulator to your face piece.
N.	Disconnect your regulator from your face piece.
O.	Disconnect your regulator from your partner’s buddy breathing hose.
P.	Reconnect your regulator to your pressure hose
Q.	Connect your regulator to your face piece

7.	Remove the pack while lying down.
A.	Loosen left shoulder strap (enough to get back on)
B.	Remove waist strap (loosen enough to get back on)
C.	Slide the rack off the left shoulder-keeping right arm in right harness and right hand protecting the pressure hose
D.	Lay the air pack out in front of your head.
E.	Put air rack back on

BOTTLE SWITCH OVER

QUICK FILL:

1.	Use caution when approaching a conscious FF.  The FF may try to grab your air mask.
2.	Locate and disable pass device (may have to be done numerous times with integrated pass systems.)
3.	Notify command with the downed FF location.
4.	Check breathing. (If  FF is not breathing rapid removal may be required)
5.	Check air pressure gauge. (Decide if the tank has enough air to remove the downed FF)
6.	Verify the new air bottle has been turned on.
7.	Locate the quick fill hose on the new air bottle.
8.	Locate the quick fill connector on the downed FF.
9.	Attach the quick fill hose from the new bottle to the downed FF.
10.	The two bottles will equalize. .
11.	Notify command the downed FF is breathing off the new air rack
12.	Convert the air mask harness the downed FF is wearing to a rescue harness.
13.	Secure the new bottle to the downed FF.
14.	Remove the downed FF.

LOW PRESSURE HOSE:

1.	Use caution when approaching a conscious FF.   The FF may try to grab your air mask.
2.	Locate and disable pass device (may have to be done numerous times with integrated pass systems)
3.	Notify command with the downed FF location.
4.	Check breathing. (If the FF is not breathing rapid removal may be required)
5.	Check air pressure gauge. (Decide if the tank has enough air to remove the downed FF).
6.	Verify the new bottle has been turned on.
7.	Locate the new regulator right next to the current regulator.
8.	Unscrew the low-pressure hose on the current regulator so the threads are just caught.
9.	Keep one hand on the location of the new regulator’s threads and one hand on the low-pressure hose.
10.	Remove the low-pressure hose from the current regulator, turn the main valve on the new regulator on, and place the low-pressure hose over the new regulator. (The old regulator will continue to free flow.)
11.	 Screw the low-pressure hose to the new regulator.
12.	Turn the old regulator off.
13.	Notify command the downed FF is breathing off the new air rack.
15.	Convert the air mask harness the downed FF is wearing to a rescue harness.
14.	Attach the new air mask to the downed FF.
15.	Remove the downed FF.

MMR:

1.	Use caution when approaching a conscious FF. The FF may try to grab your air mask.
2.	 Locate and disable pass device (may have to be done numerous times with integrated pass systems)
3.	Notify command with the downed FF location.
4.	Check breathing. (If the FF is not breathing rapid removal may be required)
5.	Check air pressure gauge. (Decide if the tank has enough air to remove the downed FF).
6.	Verify the new bottle has been turned on.
7.	Locate the clip on the old regulator and keep one hand on it.
8.	Find the new regulator.
9.	Place the new regulator next to the old regulator in the same direction.
10.	Remove the old regulator (It will free flow).
11.	Install the new regulator.
12.	Turn the old regulator off.
13.	Notify command the downed FF is breathing off the new air rack.
16.	Convert the air mask harness the downed FF is wearing to a rescue harness.
14.	Secure the new air mask to the downed FF.
15.	Remove the downed FF.

ENTIRE FACE PIECE:

1.	Use caution when approaching a conscious FF. The FF may try to grab your air mask.
2.	 Locate and disable pass device (may have to be done numerous times with integrated pass systems)
3.	Notify command with the downed FF location.
4.	Check breathing. (If the FF is not breathing rapid removal may be required)
5.	Check air pressure gauge. (Decide if the tank has enough air to remove the downed FF).
6.	Identify the problem with the air mask. 
7.	The downed FF should be positioned in a sitting position.  One rescuer kneels behind the downed FF (rescuer 1). Another rescuer (rescuer 2) kneels in front of the downed ff.  
8.	Rescuer 1 removes the downed FF helmet.
9.	Rescuer 1 removes the downed FF hood.
10.	Rescuer 2 verifies the new bottle has been turned on.
11.	Rescuer 2 connects the new air mask to the regulator attached to the new bottle.
12.	Rescuer 1 installs the new face piece as rescuer 2 removes the defective face piece.
13.	Rescuer 2 turns the main valve on the new air mask on as Rescuer 1 installs the new face piece on the downed FF.
14.	Rescuer 1 reinstalls the downed FF hood.
15.	Rescuer 1 reinstalls the downed FF helmet.
16.	Notify command the air has been switched to the new rack and face piece.
17.	Convert the air mask harness the downed FF is wearing to a rescue harness.
17.	Secure the new air rack to the downed FF.
18.	Remove the downed FF.

FF ENTAGLEMENT

OBJECTIVE:  Remove a trapped FF from a wire entanglement.

1.	Locate and unarm the Pass Device. (May have to be done numerous times with integrated pass system.)
2.	Notify command with the extent of entrapment.
3.	Evaluate the extent of injury to the downed FF. 
4.	Check the amount of air remaining in the air tank.
5.	Evaluate if a new air supply is necessary.
6.	Change the FF over to a new air supply if needed.
7.	Systematically begin at one end of the FF.
8.	One rescuer goes along one side of the downed FF.
9.	The second rescuer goes along the other side.
10.	Make sure to sweep above the downed FF. A swimming technique may be used.
11.	Any items restricting the downed FF from being removed are cut or removed from the FF. (Use caution not to cut any air mask components.)
12.	Once the FF is free and ready to be removed.
13.	Convert the air mask to a rescue harness.
14.	The FF is then dragged to a safe location.

WALL BREACH

OBJECTIVE: To make a hole through an interior or exterior wall to either access a downed FF, or to make an exit out of a room to remove an individual or downed FF.

DRYWALL:

1. Size-up the wall
a.	location of outlets, windows, doors, gas operated appliances, sinks and toilets
b.	distance from the corner(measure your tool before you enter)
2. Sound the wall (listen for studs)
3. Make a small hole through the drywall
4. Push your tool as far as it will reach (Is there an obstruction on the other side?  Are the conditions worse on the other side than where you are?)
5.	Remove the drywall between the two studs.
6.	On the stud on your left or right remove the bottom of the stud. (Makes a triangle giving you more room).
7.	Sound the floor on the other side before moving through the hole.

LATHE/PLASTER:

1. Size-up the wall
a.	location of outlets, windows, doors, gas operated appliances, sinks and toilets
b.	distance from the corner (measure your tool before you enter)
2. Make a small hole through the wall
4. Push your tool as far as it will reach (Is there an obstruction on the other side?  Are the conditions worse on the other side than where you are?)
5.  Remove the lathe/plaster between the two studs on the side of the wall you are on
a.	use the pick side of a tool
b.	start just above your head while on you knees
c.	enter the tool and pry the lathes from the studs toward you
d.	work your way to the floor
6.	Turn around and mule kick the lathe/plaster from the studs on the opposite side of the wall
7.	Sound the floor on the other side before entering the hole
8.	Place your back to the wall, in a squatting position
9.	Push your shoulders through the hole
10.	As your shoulders exit the other side turn sideways to allow your hips to go through the hole
Some FF will be unable to go through the hole.  Those FF's may need to remove one of the air mask shoulder straps, opposite the regulator, and rotate the bottle toward the regulator side of the rack putting the bottle under the FF’s arm and go through the hole sideways.

EXTERIOR WINDOW ENLARGMENT

1.	Identify, per command's order, the window to be enlarged.
2.	Size-up the window:
•	Is there a dryer, range hood, or fireplace vent visible? (Visible vents mean natural gas lines may run through that section of the outside wall.)
•	Are kitchen cabinets visible in the window? (Sinks and cabinets are typically located under windows.)
•	Is the window higher than the other windows? (Bathroom windows are typically higher than the rest of the windows in the house.)
•	What is the construction of the house?  Does the other side of the house have a different type of construction?
3.	Remove the glass from the window, trying to bring as much glass out as possible. (Provides a safer working area for dragging the Downed FF over.)
4.	Ladder the window.
5.	Put a rescuer inside the window as a safety person.
A.	Clears the bottom of the window of downed FFs and/or civilians.
B.	Identifies the location of large furniture, radiators, or other obstacles.
C.	Keeps FF from approaching the window from the inside.
6.	One outside rescuer runs the saw.
7.	The first cut is down from the right or left side of the window to the floor.
8.	The second cut is along the floor past the opposite side of the window about 3 feet.
9.	The third cut is down the opposite side of the window to the floor cut.
10.	The fourth cut, if needed, goes parallel to the floor at the bottom of the window sill away form the window.
11.	The fifth cut is from the end of the fourth cut to the cut along the floor.
12.	The second outside rescuer is a safety for the FF running the saw. He/she watches the ground for obstacles, watches around the FF running the saw for hazards.  The safety person’s job is to allow the FF running the saw to concentrate on the cuts being made.

FF DRAGS

OBJECTIVE:  Remove a downed FF along a flat surface, up stairs, or down stairs.

FLAT SURFACE:

1.	Position the downed FF on his or her back.
2.	Slightly loosen the shoulder straps (room for a gloved hand) and convert the air mask to a rescue harness.
3.	One rescuer positions at the head of the downed FF.
4.	The front rescuer grabs underneath one shoulder strap.
5.	The second rescuer positions at the legs of the downed FF. 
6.	Raising one leg. The second rescuer pushes against the thigh of the downed FF.
7.	Both rescuers work together calling a cadence while removing the downed FF.

UP STAIRS:

1.	The rescue FFs position the downed FF at the bottom of the stairs, on his or her back, head toward the stairs.
2.	Slightly loosen the shoulder straps (room for a gloved hand) and convert the air mask to a rescue harness.
3.	The top FF straddles the head of the FF, back to the stairs.
4.	The top FF grabs under the shoulder straps.
5.	The bottom FF goes between the legs of the downed FF, lifting under the knees of the downed FF.
6.	The 2 rescuers raise the downed FF and set the air tank on the 2nd or 3rd stair.
7.	The bottom rescuer then positions the legs of the downed FF over his/her shoulders, with the thighs all the way onto the shoulders. 
8.	Using a cadence the rescuers work together raising the downed FF one step at a time. 
9.	When the top of the stairs is reached the downed FF can continue to be pushed in the same manner.

DOWN STAIRS 

1.	Position the downed FF at the top of the stairs on his/her back, head facing he stairs.
2.	Slightly loosen the shoulder straps (room for a gloved hand) and convert the air mask to a rescue harness.
3.	One rescuer positions at the head of the downed FF grabbing one of the shoulder harnesses.
4.	The second rescuer wraps his/her rescue strap around the lower legs of the downed FF.
5.	The front rescuer pulls the downed FF to the stairs.  
6.	As gravity pulls the downed FF down the stairs the second rescuer slows the decent of the downed FF.

LADDER REMOVAL

OBJECTIVE:  To remove a downed FF from an upper floor of a structure.

PUSH-UP METHOD:

1.	Position the downed FF on the floor feet facing the window.
2.	Verify the air mask harness was converted to a rescue harness.
3.	Position the FF on his/her side with the bottom arm out in front of the head.
4.	Remove your air rack (leave your face piece on) and position it at the head of the downed FF.
5.	Lay yourself in the same direction as the down FF, your back to his/her belly.
6.	Pull the downed FF’s top leg over your leg, pull the downed FF’s leg as far over your leg as possible, get his/her hip on top of your hip.
7.	Put the upper arm of the downed FF under your arm, all the way to the downed FF shoulders. 
8.	Rotate yourself and the downed FF, placing the downed FF on your back.  Slowly move toward the window.
9.	A second rescuer should be on the ladder in the window. (Ladder placed in rescue position.)
10.	The second rescuer begins to lift the legs of the downed FF.
11.	Both rescuers lift together, the rescuer on the ladder lifts the legs, the rescuer under the downed FF does a push up lifting the FF to the windowsill.
12.	The inside rescuer then puts his/her air rack back on.
13.	The inside rescuer then guides the downed FF onto the rescuer on the ladder.
14.	The ladder rescuer should have one leg on one rung above the other.
15.	Lower the downed FF over the top leg of the ladder rescuer.  The top leg of the ladder rescuer should be to the crotch of the downed FF.  
16.	The ladder rescuer then takes the downed FF down the ladder.
17.	If it is necessary to slow the descent the ladder rescuer pinches the downed FF against the ladder.

TWO FF SQUATTING NEXT TO WINDOW:

1.	Position the downed FF on his/her stomach head toward the window.
2.	Verify the air mask harness was converted to a rescue harness.
3.	Two rescuers kneel, on one leg, on each side of the downed FF, at his/her head, near the window. (The leg toward the window is up.)
4.	A third rescuer is on the top of the ladder at the window (ladder in rescue position).
5.	The ladder rescuer grabs the arm of the downed FF and guides them out the window as the two inside rescuers lift the downed FF first onto their bent legs then onto the windowsill.  
6.	The two inside rescuers guide the downed FF onto the rescuer on the ladder. (The downed FF is passed out headfirst.)
7.	The ladder rescuer then turns the downed FF sideways and takes the  downed FF down the ladder, one hand is between the legs of the downed FF and the other hand is under the shoulder between the arm and the body of the downed FF. 

RAMPING DENVER DRILL

1.	One rescuer sits under the windowsill, legs bent, back to the window.
2.	The downed FF is positioned face down with his/her head at the feet of the rescuer sitting under the window.
3.	The second rescuer straddles the downed FF near the hips.
4.	The two rescuers work together, the sitting rescuer reaches under the downed FF grabbing the shoulder straps of the SCBA, and the rescuer who is standing grabs the waist strap of the downed FF’s SCBA.
5.	A third rescuer is in the window on the top of the ladder. (Ladder positioned in rescue position.)
6.	The outside rescuer guides the arms.
7.	The two inside rescuers lift the downed FF first to the bent legs of the sitting FF, then on top of the head of the sitting rescuer.
8.	The three rescuers then guide the downed FF onto the windowsill and out to the rescuer on the ladder.
9.	The ladder rescuer then takes the downed FF down the ladder.

ROPE HOIST METHOD

1.	Position the downed FF sitting or lying below the windowsill. 
2.	Verify the air mask harness was converted to a rescue harness.
3.	The crew outside raises the ladder a few feet above the window.
4.	A person on the outside climbs the ladder, above the windowsill wraps the carabiner end of the rope about four times around a rung above the window, passes a bend through the carabiner, attaches a second carabiner to the bend, and passes the carabiner to the crew inside.  
5.	The crew inside hooks the carabiner to the air mask strap and air rack in the center of the back, top part of the rack.
6.	The running end of the rope goes straight down to the ground then under the bottom rung of the ladder.
7.	Two FFs man the part of the rope going to the ground. A third FF mans the end of the rope under the bottom rung of the ladder
8.	The two FFs pull the FF just above the windowsill.  
9.	The crew inside guides the FF to the windowsill and out the window.
10.	Once the FF is just above the windowsill the two FFs hoisting the FF slowly let the rope go against the rungs of the ladder.
11.	The third outside FF controls the decent of the FF.  The higher the rope is held the slower the downed FF will decent. 
12.	The two hoisting FFs guide the downed FF to the ground. 

FF REMOVAL FROM ROOF

OBJECTIVE: Remove an injured FF from a roof.

1.	Verify the air mask harness was converted to a rescue harness.
2.	On the roof ladder above the down FF wrap the carabiner end of the rope four times around one of the rungs of the ladder. (Wrap the rope as high as possible.) Put a bend of rope through the carabiner; attach a second carabiner to the bend of the rope.
3.	Attach the carabiner to the air mask rack and strap, top of the rack, center of the back.
4.	Take the running end of the rope down the roof ladder, down the extension ladder, under the bottom rung.  A FF will have to stand on the ladder to hold it down.
5.	A FF mans the rope to control the decent of the downed FF. (The higher the rope is held the slower the decent.)
6.	The downed FF is then lowered down the roof ladder and off the edge of the roof. 
7.	The FF on the roof guides the downed FF to the edge and over the edge of the roof. 
8.	A FF should guide the downed FF as he/she is lowered to the ground.

SELF-ESCAPE/ROPE

OBJECTIVE: As a last resort, only if conditions do not allow a normal ladder decent, one way to exit a room involved in fire without the presence of a ladder.

1.	This escape should only be done as a last resort.
2.	Approach the window as low as possible.
3.	Anchor your escape rope inside the room.
A.	 Possible anchors inside the room could be. 
1.	Radiator for heating system.
2.	Remove a section of drywall on the wall across from the window.  Attach your rope around two studs.
3.	Remove a section of drywall on the ceiling above the window.  Attach your rope around two roof or floor joist.
4.	Anchor your tool across the bottom corner of the window. Anchor your rope to the tool.
4.	 Convert your air mask to a rescue harness.
5.	Sit in the windowsill with one leg inside the window and one leg outside the window with your strong hand toward the outside of the building.
6.	Take your rescue rope around your back, under your air rack, and hold in front of your chest with your strong hand around both sections of the rope.   The strong hand must be the hand toward the outside of the building.  Keep about 12” of slack.  The rope bag can still be attached to your air mask/self escape belt or you can remove the rope bag and throw it out the window.
7.	Your other hand holds tension on the rope toward the inside of the room to make sure the anchor point stays secure.
8.	Roll outside the window ending on the side of the window you were originally facing.  You will remove the slack from the rope as you round the corner of the window.
9.	Now you can lower yourself to the ground. Grabbing tighter on the rope will slow your decent. 

HEAD FIRST LADDER BAIL

OBJECTIVE:  As a last resort, only if conditions do not allow a normal ladder decent, one way to exit a room involved in fire via a ladder. 

1.	This maneuver should only be done as a last resort.
2.	The ladder needs to be set in the rescue position.
3.	The exiting FF approaches the window staying as low as possible.
4.	The exiting FF reaches out the window.
5.	Put your strong arm on the top rung of the ladder near the riser on the side of your strong arm.
6.	Take your weak arm and slide down the riser of the ladder opposite your strong arm until your strong arm straightens out.
7.	As your strong arm straightens bend your knees and rotate on the ladder. (Keep your knees bent.  If your straighten your legs you will rotate to fast.)
8.	Your weak arm moves from the riser on the side opposite your strong arm on a rung toward the riser your strong arm is near. 
9.	As your legs come around find the rung of the ladder.
10.	Descend the ladder rung by rung.

FF REMOVAL THROUGH FLOOR

OBJECTIVE:  Remove a FF that has fallen through a floor.

HOSE METHOD: Conscious uninjured FF

1.	Secure the area around the hole in the floor.  (Use doors, plywood, or something to dissipate the weight of the rescue FFs)
2.	Pass a charged hose line through the hole in the floor until the bend reaches the floor below.
3.	The downed FF steps on the bend of the hose and holds onto the hose with both arms.
4.	Four FFs man each side of the hose on the top floor.
5.	The top FFs work together to pull the downed FF back to the top floor. The FFs would pull about a foot then the last FF would run up and become the 1st FF
6.	As the FF reaches the floor he/she steps off the hose.

HOSE METHOD: Conscious injured (lower extremity) FF

1.	Secure the area around the hole in the floor.  (Use doors, plywood, or something to dissipate the weight of the rescue FFs)
2.	Pass a hose line through the hole in the floor until the bend reaches the floor below.
3.	A FF might need to go the location of the injured FF.  The rescuer could slide down the hose line like a fire pole.
4.	The downed FF should position him/herself, or the rescuer should position the downed FF onto the hose line, with the hose line under the downed FF’s chest. (The downed FF is lying face down.
5.	Four FFs man each side of the hose on the top floor.
6.	The top FFs work together to pull the downed FF back to the floor. The FF would pull about a foot then the last FF would run up and become the 1st FF.
7.	As the FF reaches the floor two other FF will have to pull him/her up onto the floor.

ROPE HOIST (with ladder): Unconscious FF

1.	Secure the area around the hole in the floor.  (Use doors, plywood, or something to dissipate the weight of the rescue FFs)
2.	Place a ladder into the hole the FF fell.
3.	A rescuer will have to go the location of the downed FF.
4.	A rescuer should set up the rope.  On the second rung from the top place the carabiner end of the rope four times around the rung.  Place a bend through the carabiner.  Attach a second carabiner to the bend, and pass it to the rescuer that entered the hole. The running end of the rope is past under the lowest visible rung of the ladder.
5.	The bottom rescuer converts the air mask of the downed FF to a rescue harness.
6.	The bottom rescuer attaches the carabiner to the rack and strap, top center, of the air mask of the downed FF.
7.	At least 4 FF should man the rope (The rope may be able to be pulled from the outside).
8.	One FF is at the top of the ladder supervising.
9.	The bottom rescuer guides the downed FF up the ladder.
10.	As the downed FF is pulled up the ladder two rescuers should grab the downed FF and pull him/her through the hole.

ROPE HOIST (without ladder): Conscious or Unconscious FF

1.	Secure the area around the hole in the floor.  (Use doors, plywood, or something to dissipate the weight of the rescue FFs)
2.	A rescuer will have to go the location of the downed FF. Lower the rescuer into the hole using a rope or a hose line.
3.	The rescuer should set up the rope.  The middle of the rope is handed down from the rescuers that are on the upper floor.
4.	The middle of the rope is then passed under the waist strap of the downed FF, and from the floor up on the lower shoulder strap of the downed FF shoulder strap.
5.	The middle of the rope is than passed up to the upper floor to the awaiting rescuers.
6.	The rope is then split on both ends.  There should be four lines going up through the floor.  Two lines of the rope are on each end of the hole. (Note, this is one rope creating four lines, two on each side of the hole.)
7.	Four rescuers on that floor are needed.  One rescue FF on each line coming up through the floor.  (If only two FF are present, one needs to be on each end of the hole, each with two lines.)
8.	On the cadence “READY GO” the rope is pulled up through the hole in the floor.
9.	The bottom rescuer guides the downed FF up through the hole.
10.	As the downed FF is pulled up through the hole in the floor, the team of FF pulling on the ropes walk the downed FF toward one side of the hole.  The easiest is to walk toward the back of the downed FF so the tank hits the hole in the floor, not the face of the downed FF.

CEILING COLLAPSE DRILL

Location:  Interior Room

Utilize an interior room such as a bedroom or family room for a search area for the firefighter to enter.  The only prop needed for this drill is a 6-8’ piece of chain link fence.

This drill is to simulate a firefighter searching a room and the ceiling collapsing on them.  Once the ceiling collapses, the firefighter’s first instinct should be to call a “Mayday”. 

1.	Instruct the firefighter they are to do a search & rescue of a reported occupied room.  They are to be in full PPE, darkened face piece and on air.  They will be doing this search alone.  Inform them this is for drill purposes only and they should never enter a hazardous environment without at least one partner.
2.	They should be keeping in mind their approximate location at all times during the search.  They can search by right or left hand.
3.	They should have a tool with them to assist in searching the room.  Encourage them to step it up as we have a potential victim.
4.	For some reason force them off a wall so they are required to go in between two instructors.  i.e. simulate a piece of furniture or debris on the floor you do not want them to get injured on.
5.	Once the firefighter is in between the instructors, the instructor’s drop the fence on the firefighter and draw the fence tight forcing the firefighter flat on the ground.  This will make it difficult for the firefighter to get to his mic.

The first thought of the trapped firefighter should be to call “Mayday”.  Make it difficult for them to get to their mic.  If they struggle, tighten the fencing and remind them they can’t get out and ask them what they should be doing if they are in trouble.  Do not let them take off their gloves to find or key the mic.  After the drill, remind  them they have a limited air supply and it will take RIT time to locate an extricate them, thus call the “Mayday” early.  

Fall thru the Floor Drill

Prop Required:  4’x6’x2’ box open at the top and filled with some sort of soft material.  (shredded paper in 3 garbage bags and cut up swimming noodles).  Steps were built to get up to a 2’ high landing area, the landing area is approximately 3’ long.  Attached to the top of the box is a hinged piece of plywood approximately 3’ in length.  An additional piece of plywood is laid across the top of the box so the firefighter does not immediately realize there is a hole they are crawling into.  As the firefighter crawls across the landing, the plywood is moved away from the firefighter, the hinge tips and the firefighter falls into the box.

This drill is to simulate a firefighter falling thru a floor into a lower level.  Precautions are taken to prevent injury as much as possible by filling the box with a cushioning material.  The firefighter is to call a “Mayday” as soon as they have fallen.  If they attempt to get out on their own, the instructor informs them they can not, thus what should they do?

1.	Instruct the firefighter they are going to be doing a search and rescue of an elevated floor, such as a bi-level.  They need to do either a right or left hand search to get to the steps.
2.	The firefighter is informed they are going thru this drill alone for drill purposes only.  Remind them in reality they should be with at least one other partner when entering a hazardous atmosphere.
3.	With face pieces darkened, on air and full PPE, they enter and begin their search, eventually making it to the stairs.  It is important they try to keep in mind where they think they are at all times.
4.	The firefighter crawls up the steps and is encouraged to step it up as there is a victim up there.  A tool can be used for assistance in the search if they wish.
5.	Once on the landing, they are again reminded there is a victim as they go forward.  As they get to the end of the landing on the hinged piece and start to crawl on the removable plywood cover, the cover is pulled forward and the firefighter is dumped into the box off the hinged landing area.

The idea is to get the firefighter to call “Mayday” as soon as they have fallen.  Resistance can be given by the instructor and/or cushioning debris thrown on top of them, making it difficult for the firefighter to get to his mic.  It becomes apparent mic placement is critical in the ability to access it in a confined area in an emergency situation.  Gloves should not be removed while looking for or keying the mic. Remind them it is critical to call the “Mayday” early air supply is limited and it will take RIT time to find and extricate them.

Disoriented Firefighter Drill

1.	Review with the firefighter the principles behind a primary search.
2.	Be sure to emphasize reference points, counting walls, feeling for windows and doors, and keeping a second egress in mind when doing any search.
3.	Have the firefighter (full gear, SCBA, blacked out mask) begin a right hand or left hand search in a small room.
4.	As the firefighter is searching have them speak out loud what they are feeling.
5.	Once the firefighter is in the room block the enterance.  
6.	After the firefighter has made one evolution around the room make sure they call for a Mayday.
7.	The firefighter should give their name, location, job they were doing, and condition.
STANDARD OPERATING GUIDELINE-WASHINGTON COUNTY FIRE DEPARTMENT

Rapid Intervention Team Washington County Fire Department

Scopes:  The scope of this policy is to protect department members in case of a structural collapse or other life-threatening incident.

Purpose:  The purpose of the Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) is to provide rapid rescue for structural firefighting crews operating at an emergency scene.  The Incident Commander is responsible for establishing the RIT Team during the first alarm assignment of every structural incident.  The RIT Team shall stay as a team until such time as the IC releases them from their assignment.

Terminology:  	RIT- Rapid Intervention Team
PAR-Personnel Accountability Report
“MAYDAY” - A priority radio message that has absolute priority.  All radio traffic must cease until the priority transmission has been given.

Policy:  The RIT Team shall consist of one (1) officer and three (3) firefighters.  The officer is responsible for assembling the minimal equipment required.  A company assigned as the RIT Team must report to the IC with the minimal equipment listed below.  The RIT Team cannot be used to relieve another crew unless a replacement team (RIT) has been established.  The tools and water supply needed by the RIT Team is dependent on location, conditions, extent and involvement of the incident.  The RIT officer will constantly evaluate conditions and monitor all radio communications.

Minimal Equipment:

Orange Tarp (tool placement)			Hand line
S.C.B.A./ face-piece (each member)		2216 Spare bottle
	S.C.B.A-complete with face piece or RIT bag	Irons (flat head axe/Halligan tool)
	Rope 100-ft. minimum				Hand lights
	Thermo Image camera (if available)		Stokes Basket (if available)
	1 officer (Team Leader), 3 firefighters		2-Portable radios 

Based on a size up by the RIT officer other equipment needed may be, but not limited to, folding ladder, saws, spanner belt, or any additional equipment needed and preplan of the building, if available.

If Command or a Sector Officer receives a “MAYDAY” message from a firefighter(s), or looses radio contact with a crew, the IC will immediately request a PAR of all crews operating on the fire ground.  If a crew cannot be contacted they are considered “lost”.  Command will:

1.	Send the RIT to the last know location of the missing firefighter(s).
2.	Request  “MAYDAY” and broadcast that firefighter(s) is missing and every effort shall be made to locate and remove the missing members.
3.	Shift fire ground priorities to locating and removing the lost firefighter(s). Firefighting operations that are controlling the fire shall not be compromised.

ESTABLISHING A RIT TEAM

Upon arrival at scene

1.	Park the vehicle far enough away from the fireground to leave room for suppression activities

2.	The team reports to ic
•	How many ff are in and/or on the building?
•	How long have they been working on air?
•	What type of air rack (s) do they have?
•	Do they have 30 or 45 minute bottles?

3.	The rit team (two members at a time) perform a size-up, taking note of 
•	Entrances/ egresses of working units
•	Fire conditions
•	Building construction
•	Size of building
•	Occupancy
•	Fire location
•	Extent of fire
•	Progress of operation

4.	The rit team (two members not doing the size-up) set up a staging area 

Minimal Equipment:

Orange Tarp (tool placement)			Hand line
S.C.B.A./ face-piece (each member)		2216 Spare bottle
	S.C.B.A-complete with face piece or RIT bag	Irons (Flat head axe/Halligan tool)
	Rope 100-ft. minimum				Hand lights
	Thermo Image camera (if available)		Stokes Basket (if available)
             1 officer (Team Leader), 3 firefighters		2-Portable radios
 
5.	The team ladders one side of the building, and or the roof, providing a second egress for working units on the second floor and or roof

6.	The team establishes another hose line to the entry point of the majority of the interior teams, hooked up to an engine and charged (officers discrection)

7.	The team monitors radio channels for  (at least one member is dedicated to the radio)
•	Mayday signals
•	Calls from command
•	Visual needs for team

IF RIT TEAM IS NEEDED

1.	Establish another rit team
2.	Call an ambulance
3.	Call extra fire units
4.	Determine entry point
5.	Determine extrication tools initialy needed 
6.	One firefighter or officer assists command with rit operation
7.	Assign the fireground a new radio frequency, assign the rit operation to the same frequency the downed ff’s radio is on

CREW MEMBER ASSIGNMENTS- TEAR

CREW MEMBER 1 (TEAM LEADER)

Tools needed/duties
•	Radio to communicate with command/operations
•	Communicates progress and receives orders from command
•	Provides guidance to team members including the way out to ffs dragging the downed ff

CREW MEMBER 2 (EXTRICATION)

Tools needed/duties
•	Irons and/or other tools suspected to be of need
•	Wire cutters
•	Frees the downed ff from obstructions and restrictions
•	Assists with air bottle switch over and ff removal

CREW MEMBER 3 (AIR)

Tools needed
•	Extra air supply, rack or rit bag depending on availability
•	Ensures the downed ff has an adequate air supply and switches the air supply to the carried in supply when needed
•	Helps remove the downed ff

CREW MEMBER 4 (ROPE)

Tools needed
•	Search rope
•	Deploys the search rope  on the way in 
•	Picks up the search rope on the way out

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Brad Schaefer, of the Washington County Training Officers RIT committee, comprised this binder.   It contains lesson plans learned and taught by members of the Washington County RIT committee.  The techniques listed in this pamphlet are a small portion of the available number of RIT techniques available today.  The information presented was comprised from classes including but not limited to Tomahawk Fire School RIT session, Dodge County Fire School RIT session, Worcester Safety and Survival Seminar, Working Fire RIT Series, numerous Firehouse and Fire Rescue articles (available on request), Get Out Alive Program, and experience.  The techniques listed are not NFPA approved and should be used only with your Departments approval.  The Washington County Training Officers RIT committee members (listed below) are available to help instruct or to answer questions.  We are open to any feedback or additional techniques.  This book is very dynamic, constantly changing, being updated, and added to. Please remember to be safe.

Lt. Brad Schaefer
Slinger Fire Department
128 Kettle Moraine Dr. S
Slinger, WI 53086
H-262-644-0621
W-262-644-8418
C-414-659-7145
Email: bschaefer@nconnect.net

Asst. Chief Chuck Ruetten
Slinger Fire Department/Jackson Fire Department
213 E. Washington
Slinger, WI 53086
H-262-644-5046
W-262-677-3811

Cpt. Shawn Selode
Jackson Fire Department
N171W20498 Valley Drive
Jackson, WI 53037
262-677-1872
Email: selode@dellepro.com

Cpt. Rob Stuesser
Richfield Fire Department
3290 Pleasant Hill Rd
Richfield, WI 53033
H-262-628-3131

Copyright 2002, It is illegal to duplicate, reproduce, or alter this document without permission.  All rights reserved. Please contact Brad Schaefer  (bschaefer@nconnect.net, 1-262-644-8418) for permission to use, reproduce or alter this document.